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Due to limited morphological differentiation, diatoms can be very difficult to identify and cryptic speciation is widespread. There is a need for a narrower species concept if contentious issues such as diatom biodiversities and biogeographies are to be resolved. We assessed the effectiveness of several genes (cox1, rbcL, 18S and ITS rDNA) to distinguish cryptic species within the model ‘morphospecies’,...
Although Pleurostomum was described almost a century ago, flagellates assigned to this taxon have been recorded only in very occasional faunistic studies of highly saline habitats, and their phylogenetic position has remained uncertain. We report the cultivation, ultrastructure, and phylogenetic relationships of Pleurostomum flabellatum isolated from a Korean saltern pond of 313‰ salinity. This isolate...
Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (SBPase) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) are essential nuclear-encoded enzymes involved in land plant Calvin cycle and gluconeogenesis. In this study, we cloned seven SBP and seven FBP cDNAs/genes and established sequences from all lineages of photosynthetic eukaryotes, in order to investigate their origin and evolution. Our data are best explained by a single...
Chromist algae including the Heterokontophyta are supposed to have evolved monophyletically by secondary endosymbiosis from a eukaryotic host cell that engulfed a eukaryotic red alga. The red algal endosymbiont was then reduced to a secondary plastid surrounded by four enveloping membranes. On the basis of the amoeboid marine alga Synchroma grande gen. et spec. nov., the Synchromophyceae are described...
The family Monocercomonadidae (Parabasala, Trichomonadida) is characterized by the absence of a costa and in most species also of an undulating membrane; both of which are typical structures of trichomonadids. We have examined 25 isolates of Monocercomonadidae species by sequencing of the SSU rDNA and the ITS region and by light and transmission electron microscopy. The isolates formed three distinct...
Small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences of Duboscquella spp. infecting the tintinnid ciliate, Favella ehrenbergii, were determined. Two parasites were sampled from different localities. They are morphologically similar to each other and both resemble D. aspida. Nevertheless, two distinct sequences (7.6% divergence) were obtained from them. Phylogenetic trees inferred from maximum likelihood and...
Mitochondrial DNA of Kinetoplastea is composed of different chromosomes, the maxicircle (bearing ‘regular’ genes) and numerous minicircles (specifying guide RNAs involved in RNA editing). In trypanosomes [Kinetoplastea], DNA circles are compacted into a single dense body, the kinetoplast. This report addresses the question whether multi-chromosome mitochondrial genomes and compacted chromosome organization...
The genus Nannochloropsis is well known from the marine environment but has only recently been reported from fresh and brackish waters. A single species, N. limnetica, was first documented from shallow lakes in Germany, where it produced spring blooms. A second unnamed isolate from a river in the United States has been characterized by sequence analysis and light microscopy. All of the Nannochloropsis...
We sequenced 18S rRNA genes from 21 vannellid amoebae (Amoebozoa; Vannellidae), including nearly all available type cultures, and performed a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis for 57 Vannellidae sequences. The results show that species of Vannella and Platyamoeba are completely mixed and do not form distinct clades. Several very closely related species pairs exist, each with a Vannella and a Platyamoeba...
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